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Wearables and phone tracking sense devices. WiFi CSI senses bodies. The coverage and data models are fundamentally different, and the right choice depends on whether you need per-person metrics or zone-level awareness.

What gets detected

A guest, child, intruder, or elder who forgot their pendant is invisible to device tracking. CSI detects any body that perturbs the channel.

Data model

Phone and MAC analytics produce device-level events: “MAC connected,” “beacon seen.” Counting people requires mapping devices to humans. One person with three devices inflates count; five people sharing one laptop undercounts. CSI analytics produce space-level events: “zone occupied,” “motion intensity 0.7.” No device mapping is needed. See occupancy analytics for details.

Privacy and compliance

MAC addresses and persistent device identifiers can constitute personal data under GDPR. CSI occupancy data, zone-level utilization without identifiers, sits in a different regulatory category: closer to anonymous people-counting beams.

Maintenance burden

Wearables require charging, pairing, replacement, and compliance (“please wear this”). Per-person operational cost scales with occupancy. CSI nodes are fixed installation with zero per-person maintenance. Operational cost is per-zone, not per-person.

When to choose which

Wearable: opt-in personal health metrics (heart rate, steps, SpO2), workforce safety with assigned devices, clinical trials with consenting participants. WiFi CSI: space-level occupancy, elder-care ambient monitoring, security, building analytics. Anywhere you need to sense everyone in a zone without asking them to carry anything. See elder-care monitoring and security and intrusion detection.